Comparison and analysis of the difference between lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles

Lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries are the most commonly used electric vehicle batteries. With the renewal of electric vehicle battery technology, the development and application of lithium batteries are increasing year by year. However, it is only an increase, and there is still a long way to go to replace the traditional lead-acid battery due to the performance and cost-effectiveness of lithium batteries.

So, what is the difference between lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries? Let's take a look at the difference and comparison between lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles.

1. Safety comparison: Power-type lithium batteries (lithium manganate, lithium iron phosphate) have different safety materials. Lead-acid battery technology is quite mature, and the safety is higher than that of lithium batteries.

2. Environmental protection comparison: Lithium batteries are not polluted, while lead-acid batteries are polluted by heavy metal lead. Therefore, electric vehicles using lead-acid batteries will still pollute the environment.

3. Price comparison: The price of lithium batteries with the same capacity on the market is more than double that of lead-acid batteries. This is why electric vehicles using lithium batteries are more expensive.

4. Energy comparison: The mass ratio, volume ratio, and energy ratio of lithium batteries are about 40% higher than those of lead-acid batteries.

5. Comparison of self-discharge rate: The monthly self-discharge of lithium batteries is less than 3%, while that of lead-acid batteries is 15-30%, which is quite different.

6. Comparison of service life: The current universal lithium iron phosphate is charged for 1500 times without memory effect. After 1500 times, the storage capacity is about 85%, while the lead-acid battery is about 500 times, the storage capacity will be greatly reduced, and the memory effect Obviously. Therefore, the battery life of electric vehicles using lithium batteries will be longer.

7. Voltage platform comparison: Lithium battery voltage platform is greater than 3V, lead-acid battery is 2V.

8. Comparison of discharge characteristics: Simply put, the lithium battery discharges about 30% more electricity than the lead-acid battery when the battery of the same capacity is discharged at a high current.

9. Durability: Lithium battery has strong durability, good vibration resistance, safe and fixed battery in fully charged state, slow consumption, more than 500 charging and discharging times, and no memory. The general life span is 4-5 years. Lead-acid batteries generally have a memory within 400 times of deep charge and deep discharge, and their life span is about two years. If you are using a maintenance-free lead-acid battery, you need to pay attention to the low water loss of the battery, and generally do not need to add distilled water during use.

From the comparative analysis of the difference between lithium batteries and lead-acid batteries for electric vehicles above, lithium battery models outperform lead-acid models in terms of battery life, battery life, environmental protection, vehicle handling, and charging convenience. The biggest advantage of the model is the price.